International Journal of Management

Global sourcing networks stretch across complex multi-tier supply chains involving manufacturers, sub-contractors, raw material suppliers, and labor intermediaries. While cost efficiency drives outsourcing decisions, concerns over labor exploitation, unsafe working conditions, forced labor, discrimination, and lack of collective bargaining rights have increased regulatory and consumer scrutiny. Human rights compliance has evolved from voluntary corporate policies to legally enforceable frameworks shaped by emerging laws such as the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), Germany's Supply Chain Due Diligence Act, and US Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA). This paper proposes the International Sourcing Human Rights Compliance Model (ISHRCM), integrating ethical risk mapping, legal compliance, transparency mechanisms, community impact evaluation, and enforcement protocols. Case studies include apparel manufacturing in Bangladesh, cobalt mining in the DRC, electronics assembly in China, and agricultural sourcing across Latin America. The study concludes that enforceable due diligence and digital traceability technologies are critical to preventing human rights violations.